Survey,Claim,Insurance-Related Terms 检验，索赔，保险相关术语
　　Invoicing 开发票
　　T/T Telegraphic Transfer 电汇
　　A/C Account 帐户
　　Appreciate 升值
　　Depreciate 贬值
　　Ditto/Do 同上
　　Credit Note 贷方通知单
　　Debit Note 借方通知单
　　Financial Responsibilities 财务责任
　　Capital Budget 资金预算
　　Cash Flow 流动资金
　　Balance Sheet 资产负债表
　　Statement of Account 对帐单
　　Amount Receivable 应收款
　　Account Payable 应付款
　　Accounting Dept。 财务处/会计科
　　CUR Currency 货币
　　PRO FORMA INVOICE An invoice composed in lieu of original invoice (代发票)
　　Consular Invoice 领事发票
　　Documentary Credit 单证信誉
　　ALL RISKS （War，Strike，Riot，Mob not included） 全险（综合险）
　　POLICY 保单
　　Insurance Premium 保费
　　We usually effect insurance for 110% of invoice value. （货运险）按发票金额的110%投保
　　The insurance value is calculated as : 投保金额计算方法
　　Costs of goods + amount of freight + insurance premium +
　　a percentage of profit on the sale of goods
　　the extra premium 其它险种保费
　　VOYAGE POLICY 航次保单
　　THE HAGUE RULES 海牙规则
　　Less risk of damage 受损风险小
　　Case 案例
　　Complaint 投诉
　　Justified / unjustified complaint 合理/不合理投诉
　　Dispute 争议
　　Surveyor 检验师
　　Cargo Surveyor 商检员/师
　　Surveyors Report 检验报告
　　Be （not）liable for the damage （不）对货损负责
　　The damage was obviously attributed to defective packing。 显然是因包装而造成货损
　　Endorse 背书
　　Liquidated Damage 违约赔偿金
　　Claim 索赔
　　Claimant 提赔方（人）
　　Irrespective of the result 不论结果如何
　　Within time limit 在规定期限内
　　Penalty 处罚
　　High fines 重罚
　　To be found short （missing/damaged） 短缺（灭失/受损）
　　Final settlement of a claim 最终结案
　　Financial capabilities 财力
　　Payment will be made by 8 quarterly installments 每季度付一次，8期付清
　　though the grand total was correct 虽说总计数没错
　　Confidential 保密
　　IMO International Maritime Organization 国际海事组织
　　IMDG Code International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code
　　The IMO recommendations for the carriage of
　　dangerous goods by sea 国际海事组织危险品编码
　　Incoterms a set of uniform rules codifying the interpretation
　　of trade terms defining the rights and obligation
　　of both buyer and seller 国际贸易术语解释通则
　　To recognize the validity of the comments 注意到这些说法的合理性
　　ECU European Currency Units。A financial unit used for EC accounting 欧元单位
　　FMC-related Terms FMC相关术语
　　‘The United States government takes the position that all practices related to cargo moving via CHINA SHIPPING to or from the United　States are subject to the rules of the United States government, even　though the practice occurs in China or in some other place outside　The United States, and even though the Merchant or agent never goes to the United States.’
　　“美国政府的政策定位是凡‘中海’承运的美国进出口货物的运作均应受控于美国政府有关政策规定，即使此类运作仅发生在中国或在美国以外的国家或地方；抑或发货人或其代理从来就没有到过美国。”： [NextPage]

　　FMC Federal Maritime Commission 美国联邦海事委员会
　　Enforcement Bureau FMC的执行局
　　Coast Guard 美国海上警卫队
　　CBP Customs and Border Protection 美国海关边防总署
　　ICB International Carrier Bond 国际承运人保证金
　　TIB Temporary Importation Bond 临时进口保证金
　　For shipments entering the U.S. on temporary basis
　　Surety 担保 （保证金）
　　ATFI Automated Tariff Filing and Information System 自动费率报备系统
　　TARIFF（RATE）FILING 费率（运价）报备
　　AMENDMENT FILING 修改运价报备
　　OSRA Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 1998 1998航运改革法
　　DPI Distribution-Publications Inc. 美国一家运价费率报备公司
　　Violations 违规操作
　　Penalty 罚款
　　Suspend a carrier’tariff 吊销承运人运价本
　　Compel production of documents and answers to questions 强行要求出具文件、单证；对所提问题作出答复
　　Entering into a S/C with 与。。。签定服务合同
　　Knowingly and willfully 明知故犯
　　File a complaint 投诉
　　Operating under an un-filed agreement 按未经报备的所谓合同进行运输
　　Operating under an agreement that has yet to become effective under law按尚未生效的合约进行运输
　　Misrating a bill of lading is a violation of the Shipping Act regardless of intent
　　无论动机是好或是不好，错定运价即是违反（84）航运法
　　Unreasonable discrimination or preference 不合理的歧视和偏袒
　　Unfair or unreasonable to deal 不公平或不合理的拒绝运输
　　Retaliation 报复
　　Monitor Carrier Rates 监督承运人运价
　　Purpose - to prevent unreasonable discrimination among shippers.
　　目的－保护托运人免受不合理的歧视
　　Require publication of tariff rates.
　　要求公布运价本
　　有船承运人和无船承运人
　　Require filing of confidential service contract rates.
　　要求对保密性的服务合同运价登记
　　FMC does not approve rates.
　　FMC不对运价进行审批
　　Exception: controlled carriers.
　　例外：受控承运人
　　Petitioner request the Commission to determine whether CSA’s members have violated　the Shipping Act through discriminatory service contracting and rating practices in the　Caribbean trades that intentionally discriminate against OTIs in violation of sections 10…
　　控方请求海事委员会裁定‘加勒比船东协会’成员公司采取签署旨在歧视远洋运输中介的服务合同和确定运价的做法是否违反了航运法第10节。。。
　　NVOCC OTIs depend upon the member lines to transport their shipments, approximately 90% of which move under service contracts.
　　远洋运输中介中的无船承运人得依靠成员公司承运货载，大约90%的货是采用服务合同运输的。
　　Petitioner asserts that the member lines’ service contract offers to NVOs have Eliminated all commodity rates other than FAK and GDSM, thereby depriving NVOs of a rate basis on which to compete for full container load (FCL), single commodity shipments.
　　控方认为公会成员公司给NVO签署的服务合同，仅保留了FAK和GDSM运价，其它所有货种的运价都被取消，从而剥夺了NVO赖以竞争的单一货种的整箱货的基价。