写作部分的练习和应试技巧
　　Beginning phrases 开头词组
　　As a rule, as far as I know, as the saying goes, Frankly speaking, Generally speaking, I’m of the opinion that, In my opinion, It goes without saying that, It’s true to say that, It’s self-evident that, Needless to say, No one can deny/dispute that, One might say that, Regretful to say that, There is no doubt that, To the best of my knowledge, to begin with, first(ly), first and most important, in the first place,
　　further proof 论证性的词组
　　According to sb/sth, first of all, People take it for granted that, For one thing, … for the other, For instance, Take … for instance/example, if we take … into account, we …, In addition, Compared with…, as things go, It is to the effect that, To begin with, We have enough reason to …, The problem is, what is worse is that, What is more, Furthermore,
　　It’s high time that S should …, Now that, On the contrary, owing to, to make matters worse, We must recognize that…, We can’t be too adj. …, Not to mention…, to say nothing of, That is so say…, also, moreover, besides, again, additionally, as follows, such as, namely, in other words, in a sense, On this occasion, as for, talking of, concerning,
　　comparison and contrast 比较和对比方面的词组
　　in/by contrast, on the contrary, and yet, at the same time, as a matter of fact, nevertheless, on the other hand, otherwise, still, despite(that), even if/though, for all that, however, regardless of, although, in reality, in any case, whereas, not … but…, neither …nor…, whether ….or…, rather than, both… and …, frankly speaking, indeed,
　　Conclusion 结论性的词组
　　Above all, as a result, as long as, at any rate, for this reason, In brief, In conclusion, Last but not least, Only by this can we…, on the whole, To make a long story short, to sum up, What we have to do is (to)…, as has been mentioned, all in all, therefore, thus, consequently, accordingly, thank to, due to, owing to, at length, eventually,
　　IV.Do’s and don’ts about composition 补足句子练习
　　The beginning:
　　1.There are different opinions among people as to _____________. Some people suggest that ___________.
　　2.Nowadays although more and more people _____________, still there are some who think __________________, they may think ____________________________.
　　3.For years ___________ had been viewed as _________________. But now people are taking a fresh look at it.
　　4._______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our daily life. It has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.
　　5.The English proverb says, _________. This is quite true because ______________.
　　6.Today there are ____________, which have brought about a lot of harms in our daily life. First, __________. Second, _______________. What makes things worse is that __________
　　______________.
　　7.These days we often hear about _________________. But it this really the case?
　　The supporting arguments: 结构性句式练习
　　1.But there are still many people who don’t agree. They argue that _______________.
　　2.But I don’t think it a very good way to solve ____________________. For instance, __________________. Worst of all, _________________________.
　　3.There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can ________________, there are a number of advantages of ____________. Another solution is to ____________.
　　4.There are some people, who ___________. Their reasons are different, sometimes for ________, sometimes for _________, and sometimes simply for____________.
　　5.Why ______? For one thing, ___________. For another, ______________. Perhaps the main reason is that ________.
　　6.From a personal perspective, I also prefer to ________________ because ________________.
　　7.There are many reasons why __________________-, and I shall here explore only a few of the most important ones.
　　8.Good __________ as it is, it has its own disadvantages. For one thing, __________. For another, _________________.
　　The ending 结构性句子练习2
　　1.For my part, I think it reasonable to __________________. Only in this way can you _______________.
　　2.In conclusion, I believe that ______________. We can _______ only if ____________. Just as a proverb goes __________.
　　3.In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______________. Only in this way can ____________ in the future.
　　4.Whatever you do, please remember the saying ----- __________. If you undertand it and apply it to your study or work, you’ll definitely benefit a lot from it.
　　5.From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that _____
　　______________________.
　　6.Taking into account all of these factors, we may reach the conclusion that ________________
　　______________________.
　　7. In short, I support the statement that it is better to __________________ because ___________.
　　Composition: 范文模仿与练习
　　1. Learn from reading --- summary: 模仿收集题目和漂亮的句式或词组
　　Do you have many friends? Are they similar to you or different from you? Which kind of friends do you prefer?
　　Maybe you are fond of collecting stamps, then a pleasure is to have a friend with the same taste, and exchange the little “treasure” with him; or maybe you are interested in playing tennis, then how wonderful it is to compete with your friend, also a well-matched tennis fan, in a green field. Having friends whose characters, hobbies and social conditions are similar to you can bring you many advantages. They are easy to get along with, and between you and your friends, there are always something that all of you are familiar with. Because of the similarity, they can see something in the position of yours, and understand you better.
　　But how about making different friends? Yes, they may have not what you have, but they have what you have not. Perhaps the least similar friends are the protagonist of the scientific novel “ Around the World in Eighty Days”, Mr. Fogg, and his ardent, humorous and talkative servant, Jean, who was not a bit like his old-fashioned master. But who can say that Mr. Fogg’s courage and warm-heartedness were not partly from the influence and help of Jean? A different friend is a mirror that can reflect your virtues and shortcomings. From him, you can find what you lack and you can learn what you need. When viewed from these perspectives, different friends may do more in shaping you than do the similar ones.
　　No matter how similar they, every two friends have difference; and no matter how different they are, as friend, they have at least one similarity: the sincerity towards friendship. In the sincere friendship, you can find shelter from danger, courage in need, and hands willing to help. Open y our heart to your friends, whether they are similar to or different from you, you may become the happiest man in the world.
　　Summary:
　　Having friends whose characters, hobbies and social conditions are similar to you can bring you many advantages. They are easy to get along with, and between you and your friends, there are always something that all of you are familiar with. Because of the similarity, they can see something in the position of yours, and understand you better.
　　A different friend is a mirror that can reflect your virtues and shortcomings. From him, you can find what you lack and you can learn what you need. When viewed from these perspectives, different friends may do more in shaping you than do the similar ones.
　　No matter how similar they, every two friends have difference; and no matter how different they are, as friend, they have at least one similarity: the sincerity towards friendship. Open y our heart to your friends, whether they are similar to or different from you, you may become the happiest man in the world.： [NextPage]

　　Relative topics: 尝试练习此类文体
　　1.Can love help you out?
　　2.Friendship is a ship that needs two to row?
　　3.Cooperation and Competition
　　4.Are we still in need of friendship in the 21st century?
　　5.A friend indeed is a friend in need or the one in deed?
　　Example: 范文
　　Among all the worthy feelings of mankind, love is probably the noblest. It is of the utmost importance to the human beings. Everybody not only needs love, but also should give love.
　　As is described in the picture, “ love is a lamp that is brighter in darker places.” This is indeed true. People in darker places need more light than ordinary people. Maybe even a dim light can give them much hope for a better life and progress. Maybe just a thread of light will call forth their strength and courage to step out of their difficulties.
　　For instance, when someone is starving to death, just a little food and water from you may save his life. Or when a little girl in a poor rural area drops out of school because of poverty, just a small sum of money from you may support her to finish her schooling and change her life. You have given love that is like a lamp in darker place where light is most needed.
　　So to sum up, we should offer our help to all who are in need. We expect to get love from others and we also give love to others so when you see someone in difficulty or in distress and in need of help, don’t hesitate to give your love to him. I believe then the relation between people will be harmonious and our society will be a better place for us to live in.
　　2.Imitation: 模仿训练
　　1. The world today has become more and more globalized. It is the Internet that has helped us to achieve such a wonderful situation. But, can we ask: “Then what has the Internet brought us?”
　　On the one hand, it has brought us plentiful information. No matter what you want to know, you can get it from the Internet. On the other hand, it has brought us great conveniences in some other ways. We can read large books and find the meaning of new words or even read encyclopedias from our computer by paying a visit to a web site. We can also do shopping or see our doctors through our Internet. If we want to send a message to our friend, it would be a matter of a few seconds to send it in the form of e-mail.
　　However, the Internet has also brought us some problems like “information pollution”. Floods of information can sometimes causes the so-called “soul pollution”, especially among the young people. Therefore the Internet won’t be fully satisfactory unless we can solve such problems.
　　Relative topics: 范文题目
　　1.Is the Internet changing the world for better or for worse?
　　2.What is the greatest invention in the 20th century?
　　3.Can computers fulfill our dreams?
　　4.Can the relations on-line take the place of those in real life?
　　5.What types of occupation in the future?
　　模仿原文结构，补足练习。
　　The world today has become ________________. It is hard to imagine a life without ___________. It has brought about ___________ in every corner of our life. However, as a saying goes, ____________________, advantages and disadvantages are always walking hand in hand.
　　On the one hand, it has paid a lot. You can _________ without _______. You can _________ without __________. You can _____________ and you don’t need to ____________.What is more, it has brought about ____________. For example, _____________________. It is in short _________ that has made our life _________.
　　On the other hand, the _____________ has also brought many problems, such as _______, _______ and _________. Therefore things would be ________ unless we ______________.
　　2. Different people have different attitudes toward travelling. People who like travelling have their reasons. They maintain that travelling can help them expand their scope of knowledge, especially geographical and historical learning. They go on to point out that touring will provide more chance for them to enjoy food and try on clothes that they otherwise cannot have.
　　Those who dislike travelling also have their reasons. They would argue that travelling means a considerable amount of money and energy. For example, transport and accommodation require money, while sightseeing often tires them. They prefer to stay at home, watching TV. According to them, TV is a comfortable form of entertainment. All they have to do is to press a button, and they can see plays, films, operas, and shows of every kind, not to mention political discussions and the latest exciting football matches.
　　As far as I am concerned, travelling does more good than harm. If your finance and health permit, you might as well do some travelling from time to time. It will at least enable you to get familiar with people and things that you will probably grow to like and love.
　　Relative topics: 参考题目
　　1.Advertisement: have ads told you all?
　　2.Television: is it a good time-killer?
　　3.Celebrities: are they worth their salt?
　　4.Cars: more or less?
　　5.Fashion: does the feather tell the bird?
　　A structure to follow: 模仿结构练习
　　Different people have different attitudes toward _______________. People who like ________ have their reasons. They maintain that __________________________________. Those who dislike __________also have their reasons. They would argue that _________________________________.For example,_______________________________ ____________________________________. They prefer to _________________. All they have to do is to ___________________________________.
　　As far as I am concerned, __________ does more good than harm. It will enable you to ____________________ and to ______________________.